The Journey Ahead, not so Bad

Keep calm

Formalin!! Yes, that aldehyde which welcomes every medical student upon admission to undertake the noble profession. Any moment I come across it, I sentimentally remember the irritation it triggered in our throats and the lacrimation it did offset. The intense zeal and zest of joining a medical school got its first beating, but the desire to be a doctor was so immense that it surpassed the first contact with that irritating fluid. The dreams and aspirations of being surgeons- transplant surgeons or neurosurgeons, for that matter- was the driving force, a fact that is true for all high school graduates before being disappointed by realities of what exists in the medical school.

The pride and energy that is generated by scoring As in the K.C.S.E. exams makes everyone feel like they have the best IQ in the world. The high school stories usually rock the air. Those boys and girls from BIG schools ng’aria the rest of Kenyans who came from the little village schools giving them no time to share their experiences. I have always believed that these ‘village’ people are the ones with a story to tell.

As days go by, anatomy lectures and dissection begin. The post-impressive KCPE results impetus and the need to be the best makes everyone get into action. Last’s Anatomy, Kimani’s Histology and Mungai’s Dissection Manual are the books. Everyone sees themselves as distinction material. The little information on pelvic bones, adapted from the high school biology, is all that everyone tries to floss with. New medical terms like gluteus medius, vastus, sartorius, sciatic, the Trendelenburg’s, and the title “Doctor” are the language. The lies and guesswork in dissection become very apparent. Someone could point at an entirely different structure and claim to be the other, and there we are. Life moves on.

Reality hits when first anatomy cat lands. It lands and blows away the pride like a landmine. It is the examination paper that humbles everyone and communicates to all that in medicine, no one is superior to the other, that all doctors are equal. It brings to an end the celebration of the exemplary K.C.S.E. results. Physiology and Biochemistry serve to maintain the equilibrium. This is that moment when people give excuses like they had not ‘adapted’ to the system. Subsequent assessments continue with the same trend, and the ‘doctors’ are left in awe. This is the when dreams of distinction are transformed to just a need for a pass to the next level. The fantasy of being neurosurgeons changes with the consolation that ‘medicine is a wide subject and we can always fit somewhere else’. The inspiration from Dr. Ben Carson no longer holds. It has been shattered by the devastating results of the pre-clinical sciences.

Being a first year in the medical school is one of those crafty moments a medical student can diagnose every condition with the scanty anatomy, biochemistry and physiology knowledge. And the funny thing about it is that they always see a problem with every person they come across. To them, there is always an undiagnosed medical disorder that lies within someone. They will often brag to their peers about their courage to sacrifice their time to learn how to handle humanity. They will walk with an ‘academic angle’ especially when they happen to come across those people whose competitors are not yet born. That is how it is. On we move.

When the final examinations are a few meters away, each one of them would have resorted to desperate measures to okoa the grade and be far from the supplementary and retake baselines as possible, studying late into the night. Some try to devour the whole Last’s Anatomy in the few days remaining. Mark you; the CAT marks at this point are not impressive. The pressure from the ultimate test is so much that they devise strategies of getting a little more time out of sleep.

At the end of the first academic year, the “doctors” who were once endowed with the muscle and good health are just steps away from severe acute malnutrition. The release of anatomy results gives some false relief. Unfortunately, tragedy befalls one or two who sometimes are made to understand that medicine sio ya mama yao and are forced to take a brief fourth semester or do a complete revision of the whole syllabus for the next one year.

When that unfortunate act of actuality lands on you, worry less and handle the situation within the short extended semester. It may be a turning point of making Mercury out of Pluto. You can heat up things, you know. The journey ahead is not so bad. It can be thorny or not, depending on where you choose to step.

 

Koech T.K.

Kenyatta University

Editor, MSAKE

RSV: Geography’s Effect on Seasonality

RSV

The A and B sub-types of the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) cause an acute respiratory tract infection in infants characterized by vigorous T cell-derived cytokine release, inflammation, and increased mucus production. Reinfection with RSV can occur throughout life. For example, seasonal epidemics of RSV are common in Kilifi and inter-epidemic transmissions are not effectively detected by hospital-based surveillance systems.

In a phylogenetic study comparing RSV sub-type B nucleotide sequences isolated from Kilifi with global RSV sequences obtained from the National Institutes of Health GenBank database, Agoti and colleagues aimed to employ computer science and mathematics to determine if seasonal epidemics of RSV were due to RSV newly introduced into Kilifi from a Kenyan source or from a global source.

Agoti and colleagues conducted a computer-based phylogenetic study where 651 RSV sub-type B nucleotide sequences from pediatric patients residing in Kilifi were compared to 833 RSV nucleotide sequences deposited into GenBank by researchers from other parts of Kenya and 18 other countries.

The investigators discovered the following: from 2002-2012, RSV epidemics occurred annually in Kilifi with RSV subtype B involvement noted in six out of eleven epidemics; and RSV nucleotide sequences from Kilifi demonstrated Maximum Likelihood phylogenetic tree clustering and minimal relatedness with RSV from the 18 other countries.

Overall, these findings were supportive of a regional instead of a global source of RSV during seasonal epidemics in Kilifi. However, extension of findings to the entire Kilifi population was limited by the sampling frame, which did not include older patients.

Taken together, evidence of a geographically restricted source of RSV in Kilifi sheds new light on the mechanism of RSV transmission among pediatric patients. This study is expected to bolster ongoing RSV vaccine development initiatives and optimize infection control strategies during seasonal RSV epidemics in Coastal Kenya.

Discover. Inspire. Prosper.

The STEM

University of Nairobi

[Original article]: Agoti CN, Otieno JR, Ngama M, Mwihuri AG, Medley GF, Cane PA, Nokes DJ: Successive respiratory syncytial virus epidemics in local populations arise from multiple variant introductions providing insights into virus persistence. J Virol 2015, pii: JVI.01972-15.

[Image]: Worgall S: Editorial: RSV, dendritic cells, and allergens—a bad combination. J Leukoc Biol 2013, 94: 1-3.

 

iPSCs: Regenerative Medicine’s Holy Grail?

iPSCs

The world is excited about stem cells because they represent the most ideal substrate for regenerating cells and tissues lost through injury or disease. Unlike other more mature cells, stem cells are unique because they are able to both self-renew and differentiate. It is known that during lineage commitment, cells lose their capacity to differentiate – referred to as cell potency – in order to become more specialized. Recently, Takahashi and Yamanaka successfully reprogrammed cultured adult somatic cells and in so doing, generated induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) for the very first time and challenged the long-held belief that differentiation was unidirectional.

To test the hypothesis that pluripotency in adult somatic cells is induced by the same transcription factors that maintain the embryonic stem cell phenotype, Takahashi and Yamanaka carried out two complementary experiments. The first experiment involved introduction of 24 selected genes into cultured fibroblasts derived from mouse embryos through retroviral transduction. By using G418-resistance as a marker for pluripotency, the researchers managed to identify 10 critical genes out of the original 24, whose withdrawal resulted in colonies that lost G418-resistance. From this 10-factor pool, four transcription factor-encoding genes (Oct3/4, Sox2, c-Myc, and Klf4) were identified as indispensable to the embryonic stem cell phenotype.

The second experiment involved introduction of these four genes into adult fibroblasts obtained from mouse tail-tips. Through this experiment, Takahashi and Yamanaka were able to demonstrate that pluripotency was induced by Oct3/4, Sox2, c-Myc, and Klf4 by yielding G418-resistant colonies that were morphologically similar to mouse embryonic stem cells. They called the reprogrammed cells constituting these colonies iPSCs. Despite proving their hypothesis, the major limitation of the study is the low yield of iPSCs, which highlights the need for optimization of the technique.

In conclusion, genetic reprogramming of adult somatic cells alters their lineage commitment and reactivates their stem cell phenotype. Future applications of iPSCs in clinical medicine are myriad and include: disease modeling, drug screening, and cell transplantation.

Discover. Inspire. Prosper.

The STEM

University of Nairobi

(What is the STEM and why should you care? Literally, it’s the part of the plant growing in the opposite direction to the root; it’s an analogy for confronting a new frontier. More precisely, the STEM is three UoN medical students summarizing cutting-edge publications in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics in 300 words or less. Looking forward to engaging in a meaningful dialogue about the many branches of the health sciences!)

 

[Original article]: Takahashi K, Yamanaka S: Induction of pluripotent stem cells from mouse embryonic and adult fibroblast cultures by defined factors. Cell 2006, 126: 663-676.

[Image]: Nsair A, MacLellan WR: Induced pluripotent stem cells for regenerative cardiovascular therapies and biomedical discovery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2011, 63: 324-330.

 

Dying to Live

It was a fizzy afternoon, sitting in my office probably anticipating to go home after a not so busy day, I gazed through the window, light showers, probably hoping that someone fell off a bike on the slippery road so that at least I could get something else to do apart from building castles in the air.

Going past the self-righteous act, you see we doctors couldn’t be in the profession if people weren’t getting constantly ill, save the whole being there for the patients not the money preaching for the local pastor cause reality is, even the pastors have a different message at the beginning of the month and at the end of the month.

In short, I too was waiting upon someone’s misfortune so that I could feed my family. Anyway, by luck, either bad or good depending on if you are the doctor or patient, the cyclists were careful, so that meant the end of my shift, but there was more waiting for me, probably a punishment for my sadistic thoughts.

As I was stepping out, I met with my attending nurse together with what seemed like a mother and her young girl. By the look of their dressing, they seemed to be not so well off.

“Daktari tusaidieko,” doctor help us said the mother in rather broken Kiswahili, my heart melted at the sight of the mother trying to hide the tears of despondency welding up her eyes.

“Nini mbaya mama?”whats wrong I inquired now adjusting my spectacles so as to sound authentic.

“Nataka unisaidieko kutoa masichana yangu mimba” I want you to help terminate my child’s pregnancy.

My heart almost dropped to my stomach. I can’t say this is exactly what I had in mind when I was praying for some excitement. I only managed a “what” statement after what seemed like a decade. I had to sit down after which I came to find out that the young girl, 15 years old, had been raped and impregnated by her stepfather. I was at cross roads, here a young girl with a promising future ahead and my conscience which I had vowed by taking the Hippocratic Oath that I wouldn’t take a life.

This is a dilemma that many of our modern day doctors face. A hospital, a place meant to protect life, can it be used to take away life?

A saying goes, a pregnant woman has one foot in the grave. This disturbing quotation clearly indicates the danger of maternity. It is devastating that 1 in 11 women in the world don’t live to see the happiness they anticipate during pregnancy, not to add those who die due to unsafe abortions.

Live births and maternal deaths due to abortion

According to World health organization, (WHO) every 8 minutes a woman in a developing nation will die of complications from an unsafe abortion. With the fifth United Nations millennium development goal recommending a 75% reduction in maternal mortality by 2015, unsafe abortion provides one of the easiest preventable causes of maternal mortality and a staggering public health issues.

Worldwide, 5 million women are hospitalized each year for treatment of abortion related complications, and abortion related deaths leave 220,00 children motherless, and this are just the documented cases. Imagine if we add those who died in the quacks backyards and buried with a cover story of having died from food poisoning. What would the numbers look like? It’s shocking that Kenya produces about 300,000 abortions each year out of the estimated over 1.5 million abortions that are procured in Africa. This numbers are worrying.

Unsafe abortion

Although daunting, the predicament is not without solution. Preventing unintended pregnancies should be a priority to all nations because the burden of unsafe abortion lies not only with the women and families, but also with the public health system. Talk of those women admitted for emergency post abortion requiring blood, oxytocin, antibiotics, just but to mention but a few.

Educating women regarding their reproductive health should be incorporated in schools. Both the government and non-governmental organizations should find ways of overcoming cultural and social misconceptions that restrict women from receiving necessary health care.

Let’s face it, in Africa, it will take being colonized by the Europeans again before we become flexible and legalize abortion, and I get it. Give it a pass and this might and will be the cause of open pervasiveness among the youth. Am no advocate for abortion. That explains why I jotted down some contacts for the woman in my office. But would it hurt if a nation set aside funds to train some of the open minded doctors on how to conduct safe abortions?

The emotional, psychological, and financial cost on women and families as well as the burden on the economic health system should no longer be ignored.

Laventa Obare

Moi University

Editor, MSAKE

Certificate Course in Global Health Training: How it all went down

Medical Students’ Association of Kenya was able to host a two-day certificate training on Global Health. It took place on the 14th and 15th of August and saw a representation of 44 students from 5 local colleges of health sciences. The training was initially scheduled for Rwanda and the change in venue to Kenyatta University- Nairobi, Kenya came as a blessing as more students got a chance to attend.

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The venue: Kenyatta University

The training ran in 12 intensive sessions interspersed between tea breaks and some hearty lunch meals, under the facilitation of Professor Don Eliseo Lucero and Kennedy Opondo, both gurus in their own right in global health. The sessions were thought-provoking, involving and interesting. They covered a wide range of topics including: perspectives in global health, global health architecture and instruments, disasters and humanitarian emergencies, economic evaluation in global health, only to mention but a few. Below is a taste of the mind-stimulating sessions.

Under Perspectives in Global Health, the bone of contention was the ‘right to healthcare’. Is healthcare really a patient’s right? Many would be quick to argue yes. However, take for instance, a patient who comes to hospital seeking medical attention but does not have money to pay for the services. Would a hospital then opt to offer the service to the patient for free since it is their right? Well, not really. At that point, does access to healthcare still remain to be the patient’s right? I let you ponder on that.

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Kennedy Opondo in one of the sessions

One of the ways is having a national health insurance fund. You probably wonder why all Kenyan workers pay a monthly subscription fee to NHIF, yet some of them wouldn’t even dare use it. This is the money that enables the government to subsidize health care services, or offer some services for ‘free’. How free then is ‘free’ health care service?

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Discussion sessions

Switching gears, we also had an interesting session on Migration and Health where the menace of brain drain was discussed. Did you know that brain drain can be both internal and external? Most doctors, for example, prefer to practice in big cities, consequently leaving the rural areas with inadequate qualified medical personnel. This is an example of internal brain drain. The external one is quite well understood. Brain drain is disadvantageous to a country because, apart from denying it top medical expertise, the government incurs loses since there is no return on investment in educating doctors and other health professionals. To curb brain drain, the government comes up with incentives such as bonuses and sponsorship for post-graduate programs. Now you know why doctors get post-graduate sponsorship.

And of course, a conversation on global health cannot be complete without discussing the contributions of the United Nations and World Health Organization to global health. The Evolution of Global Health Themes was outlined, including the Millennium Development Goals and the newly-developed Sustainable Development Goals. The development process, importance and impact of these themes was discussed.

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A discussion on United Nations and World Health Organization

The last session was on navigating a successful career in Global Health, delivered by the very charismatic Dr. Aduragbemi Thomas. He talked about his personal journey from medical school, through post-graduate to being a Global Health professional. He also emphasized on the need to be outstanding and more involved in community health issues, considering the cut-throat competition that is in the present world. By the end of his inspiring speech, he already had a few disciples!

As the curtains fell on Certificate Course in Global Health, Kenya, the well-deserving graduates were awarded certificates after 2 days of intensive albeit interesting training. The knowledge obtained was simply invaluable. For those who were unable to be part of it, you need not worry. The training will soon be done on a regular basis.
We have a Kiswahili saying: ‘Mganga hajigangi’ which literally means a doctor cannot treat himself. Our responsibility to the community is our core value and the training just made this crystal clear. Things can only get better.

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The proud graduates!

What the students had to say…

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Report by:

Dilys Kemunto

Secretary General, MSAKE

Daniel Baraka

Editor-in-Chief, MSAKE

Devolution of Health; Did the Devil Come Riding on a Horseback?

Devolution

Lying on a precolonial rusty bed is a malnourished girl. The hospital is hazily illuminated, the curtains swaying quietly to the rhythm of the wind. The window panes are long broken. The only medicine that the girl can afford is probably laughter. This is not a ghost story, but the hotbed of truths of the situation in our county hospitals thanks to devolution of health.

On the other side of the world, county executives and their secretaries (read MCAs) are busy traversing the universe and visiting the tomb of Jesus; it would not meet us by surprise that some have never attended churches back home.

The state of our county hospitals is in unspeakable agony: no medications, no healthcare providers, yet we are persistently treated to the rhetoric that the matter is in safe hands. How long will innocent Kenyans continue to suffer as healthcare is subjected to political theatrics and innuendos?

What about the delayed remuneration of the workers. An ideal society is that which is free from charity; these are the words that should echo in every county executive office. The doctors and other staff must be paid; in time and place. Devolution of health should serve and not reserve funds meant for health institutions.

We are cognizant of the fact that, these generals (read governors) will seek medical attention at Mayo Clinic even at the thought of a stomach ache. What about the peasant farmer who is suffering from cancer? Who will be their Messiah? The hottest place in hell is reserved for those who take a neutral stance in times of a moral crisis; and this is a moral crisis.

We should shout to expose the rot in the devolved health system that is in a comatose state. We should not listen to the weasel talks of our politicians that bear no fruits. Let the medics be in the front line in championing for access to quality medical care. Let the word spread that we are tired of stocking our hospitals with paracetamols only. Hail thee that will mobilize the masses in their quest for improved services.

Have a healthy day, won’t you?

Gibson Gaitho

Kenyatta University

Editor, MSAKE

From Despair and Desperation to a Call for Change

Dr. Mugo wa Wairimu’s story is a one savagely cruel story of a happening that every sane human being who understands what humanity is condemns, and as our politicians say, ‘in the strongest terms possible’. It is even more unfortunate that such an uncivilized act happens in such a reputable sector.

The story, however bad it might be, together with the much condemnation it received and outrage it elicited among Kenyans, carries a lesson to government, the bodies tasked with management of health, stakeholders in the sector, health workers and even students.

It is a show of desperation and despair of the general public in need of healthcare services. The walalahoi cannot access healthcare services at their convenience. The high cost of medical services, the scarcity of health centers and lack of adequate qualified professionals has led to sprouting up of conmen. This has left the common mwananchi at the mercy of quacks and other personnel with ill intentions, who salivate at any presenting opportunity to exploit the already exploited.

The government, which is supposed to be at the forefront in providing quality and affordable services, has turned a blind eye on the plight of people in need of their rights. The elected leaders have forgotten why they were elected and have seized the opportunity to enrich themselves. Without any moral scruple, they have taken advantage of their position and power to get private medical services within Kenya and even across the other continents.

This story carries a message that the health sector in Kenya is being treated and managed casually. It shows laxity in the implementation of the various laws, regulations and guidelines on the management of heath services. The fact that the various responsible bodies, despite knowing the existing injustices in the health sector continue to turn a blind eye, shows a reluctance in the need to serve the people.

I tacitly assume that the exposure by the media of this unfortunate incident is just but a tip of the iceberg. Many more such-like clinics are still running in secrecy. I am of the opinion that stringent laws should be put in place to control the conduct of medical practitioners, and tame quacks who have taken the laxity of the system as an opportunity to exploit unsuspecting patients.

We all have the responsibility of jealously guarding the reputation of the medical profession, irrespective of the level of service. This is by conducting ourselves in a decent, mature and professional manner.

I am convinced that a big chunk of the public would not care to know whether ‘Dr. Mugo’ was a real doctor or a pretender. Their quick assumption would be ‘doctors ALWAYS do that’. Once the story was aired, I remember receiving several messages of ridicule and harsh criticism from relatives, friends and even friends of friends on ‘our’ conduct as future doctors.

Upon taking my time to ponder on their criticisms, arguments, and perspective, I finally realized that the medical field might be headed in the wrong direction. From their endless tales of nasty experiences with doctors who make personal decisions on how to manage patients without articulately informing them on why a particular choice of treatment, or how it will be done, the challenges involved or the expected outcomes, I realized that the greatest burden lies largely not on the current doctor, but on the future doctor.

Patient-centered care is defined as care that respects and is responsive to individual patient preferences and ensures that these preferences guide all clinical decisions. This therefore means that in this age of ever expanding access to information, and free sharing of knowledge, and of course, the need to evade all the legal challenges, delivery of medical services shall be dictated more by the patient than the doctor.

As a medical student, do you concur? If no, then you might be part of an older generation living in the past. A generation which only managed the disease and not the patient. You might still be grounded on the moon while the rest are advancing towards the sun. And if yes, are you ready to be part of this paradigm shift? Food for thought.

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Koech K. Titus

Kenyatta University

Editor, MSAKE

OTHERS WAKE UP DEAD…..

Clinical years transform you from a teen to a young adult. The cycle of your life changes, soon you are oscillating from class to the wards then to the room. The day ends. Dawn comes and the cycle begins. Your life becomes a pattern. The frequency of your calls home decreases. Your folks master the timetable of your life. They stop making random calls lest they call you when you are in theatre. You stop taking selfies with cadavers and start taking selfies in theatre in scrubs. You upload these photos in Facebook, and your friends start calling you daktari in third year. You feel proud being called daktari.

You can’t tell them the truth that, that day was your first day in theatre. You can’t tell them about first days, and the way you look stupid. You can’t tell them how the senior doctors shout at you for standing purposeless instead of being involved. You can’t tell them how you feel after your first blood splash. You can’t tell them how you feel being harassed by everyone including that lady who cleans the theatre. You can’t tell them that it is how we live every day. That on average, you will be shouted at sixteen times per day if you are a very good student; ten times by the nurse, two times by the cleaner and four times by the consultant. That is how we mostly learn in medical school. The things that we should not do are shouted at us. The things that we should do are left for us to figure out. So yes at year three, there is too much shouting awaiting us, so let not those pictures of us in blue and purple deceive you into thinking that we are powerful, that we are just like doctors, no, not until six years are up (or five).

Along the way, you transform, to become the baddest alcoholic or to the mainest Christian. You stop watching comedy and start watching medical drama. Your fashion sense deteriorates; pretty jeans are replaced with black and grey trousers with matching coats. You buy blouses like those of your mother’s and senior aunts. Your liking for heels fades, and you slowly do away with them. Your shoe rack is filled with flat not-sexy-looking shoes. As the pressure of life catches up with you, you realize that make up is optional, that you don’t need to look good for patients. You stop buying eye pencil, and lip gloss and foundation, this is a method of saving, you realize later. You stop wearing earrings and necklaces on Mondays and Fridays, after surgeons give a lecture of earrings falling into patients’ abdomens. This is most likely impossible, but you would rather stop wearing them and all accessories for that matter, except for your watch.

Your circle of friends shrinks. By third year, majority of your friends are medics. Non-medics find you boring. You can never hold a conversation without saying my patient. This is interpreted as pride and feeling yourself .You are never available for any meet-ups. They get tired of your not showing up because of exams and ward rounds and theatre days and your patients and……. They stop informing you of any events, because your Fridays and Saturdays and Sundays are always packed up. Before long, you realize you totally lost touch. The only way you get to know what happened to your girls is if you accidentally get tagged in a photo in FB; then you realize Stella had a baby, Maryanne got married and Jeddah went to the States.

You still feel like a baby even at twenty four. You know you are not ready to be a mother. You see seventeen year-olds and twenty one year-olds push out life from their wombs and you think something is wrong with them. At twenty four, you are single, tired and scared. You are tired of dating your unserious classmates. You are scared you might end up as a third wife to an old professor of surgery, or worse still, single for life.

You tell women to do pap smears but you don’t. You are okay with not knowing, for it might kill you to know that you have cancer. You tell your patients to get their children before their thirties but you get your first at thirty something. You feed on anything, grow fat like a baby elephant, and then counsel your patients to shed weight.

If you are blessed with a family, you just become an absentee mother. You miss the milestones of your children while saving a life. The first person that your daughter calls mama, is the house girl. You miss her first steps; you see her first tooth three days after it erupts. You become a stranger at home. Your presence makes your children uncomfortable. Your life is like a wheel on constant motion. You put it at risk for the sake of another. You inhale smells that would make a normal person throw up. You are surrounded perpetually with faces that are worried, sad, faces that wear a mask written pain. You see so many deaths, but never get used to death.

Then when you get to the end of your life, you realize that you never really lived. You were supposed to club at twenties, but then you had to read big books, you had wards to go to on weekends; you had assignments to finish and procedures to learn. At thirty, you had to rush against life, help relatives, get married, get laid and get babies. You had to go back to school, and become a consultant. At forty, you had to make money, while your children grew; you drove from hospital to hospital, writing things, seeing patients, operating on others. Fifties passed without you noticing. Then came a time when you should go. Sleeping on the death bed you want to congratulate yourself for treating people, but you can’t. You only remember those who died. You remember the interns you shouted at. You remember your children and how you hardly know them. Your big house flashes through your mind, then your big car. Then you realize you shouldn’t have traded family with money.

PS: This is not how some doctors die. Others die in car accidents, as cases of driving under the influence. Others die of drug overdose as cases of suicide. Others just sleep and wake up dead. Others die happy. Their funerals are attended by numerous doctors and family members. None of their cars and houses shows up. Their childhood friends learn of their deaths later, when the process of decomposition is almost over. Then the only thing they remember is that you were the brightest in their class. That teachers always knew that you will have the brightest of life. They remember your first years of med school. They remember that you were a third wife, that you became a widow only ten years into marriage. They remember that you never had time to attend funerals, because you had patients. They remember also that you built a thirteen bedroom mansion in some posh estate and drove a really cool car. Some might remember that your first born son was in rehab three months before your death. These are just people you never met often. People whose lives you don’t know. People who were once your friends. People who medicine took away from you.

Doreen Oyunge

Egerton University

Editor, MSAKE

I don’t know how past medics managed without the internet

computer and stethoscope

You should have seen the look on my dad’s face when I told him I was listening to heart murmurs on YouTube. It was a look that said ‘Say what now?’ or ‘People can do that?’ And why was I listening to them on YouTube? Because I wanted to have a clear picture of what I was looking for when I eventually examined a patient. Textbook descriptions are very helpful but the terms ‘swoosh’ and ‘gurgle’ are very relative. And vague. How do you even describe a swoosh in words without conjuring images of wind-mills in one’s mind?

He is part of a much older generation, my father. The generation that attended medical school in the 80s. To say that things are different would be a gross understatement. Back then, they only had to know like 10 cancer drugs, dissecting with gloves was a rumor, and all the knowledge that your lecturer couldn’t give you could only be found in a book.

I don’t know about you, but personally, I cannot imagine getting by in medical school right now without:

1. Class emails
And lecturers who religiously send their power-point presentations and links to reference materials. Imagine having to jot down every single thing that the lecturer said in class. Some lecturers speak very very fast. And then, later having to go to the library to refer to textbooks for anything you’d missed. Limited textbooks, some of which may have been borrowed by other students. The only other option would be to buy your own textbooks. Disclaimer: Medical textbooks are expensive!

2. Carrying all those textbooks
While we’re on the subject, it’s a well-known fact that medical books are essential and informative and big and HEAVY! I don’t know about the rest of you, but my back and arm muscles do not have adequate bulk to bear such a load day-in day-out. Thank God for e-books. They helped slim down my lecture requirements to a notebook, pen and tablet/ smart-phone with a decent-sized screen.

3. Class WhatsApp groups
For announcements and consulting classmates on past exam questions. For the sharing of x-ray photos when you can’t quite tell the difference between pneumonia and a pleural effusion. For study tips and all round moral support.

4. YouTube
As mentioned earlier, for listening to heart murmurs. And preparing for the Obstetrics and Gynaecology rotation. Trust me, we were all excited about Obstetrics and Gynaecology but none of us had seen an actual delivery that hadn’t been censored by the producers of ‘House’ or ‘Gray’s anatomy’. It made sense to go on You-tube and watch delivery videos to prime ourselves. Yes, medical students are people too and sometimes we get squeamish…but only a little bit.

5. Websites, Blogs, and social media in general
Where you can interact with other medical students all around the country and the world, and realize that you’re not at all alone in this. OSCEs are a global phenomenon. Partnering up to effect social change. Finding websites with amazing study-aids like this one: http://sketchymedicine.com/
Flash-cards like these ones have saved my life at times.
So tell me, how has the internet improved your life as a medical student today?

Vallery Logedi

University of Nairobi

Editor, MSAKE

Pixels of Research

I bear the heat of this burning question,
Who will settle my mind’s ‘hypertension’,
Scholars have told me that it’s tragic,
Physicians have stated that it’s idiopathic,
Laboratories have failed to diagnose,
Journals can’t express it in prose,
Google is giving me silent treatment,
WebMD didn’t understand what I meant,
My desire for intellect craves much,
To get a glimpse of the big picture,
Through the Pixels of RESEARCH

My heart writhes in gravid agony,
How disease can bring great disharmony,
Even in this era of vast medical technology,
And advances in the knowledge of pathology,
Human Life remains colossally endangered,
Like the tender twigs of a vine in a vineyard,
Though infirmity makes us occasional prey,
Just One request to God I earnestly pray,
For my passionate eyes are longing,
To get a glimpse of the big picture,
Through the Pixels of RESEARCH

My conscience is soaked in floods of anarchy,
And my curiosity opts to breach hierarchy,
Since the world is rapidly advancing,
Its inhabitants are responsively embracing,
As Medical knowledge is steadily evolving,
And its complexity daily proves more involving,
New Technologies adopted,
New Techniques employed,
So my progressive thoughts are yearning,
To get a glimpse of the big picture,
Through the Pixels of RESEARCH

In this profession that’s nobler than thou,
Many questions do exist asking us how,
How can we restore repose to a turbulent creation?
How can we make earth a more glorious habitation?
But innately in our genome lies the goldmine of power,
That will uncover each veiled truth firmly by the hour,
With our minds put together,
Our hands tied with one tether,
And our hearts in unison gather,
Let us adeptly Paint the BIG PICTURE,
Through the Pixels of RESEARCH.

James Ndirangu Mugo

Kenya Methodist University

National Officer for Research Exchange, MSAKE